Java异常处理挑战赛技术文章大纲

异常处理基础回顾

• 异常的分类（Checked vs. Unchecked）
• try-catch-finally 的基本语法
• 异常传播机制

挑战赛常见场景与问题

• 多层嵌套异常的处理策略
• 资源泄漏与 try-with-resources 的使用
• 自定义异常的设计与最佳实践

性能优化与异常开销

• 异常捕获对性能的影响
• 避免过度使用异常进行流程控制
• 日志记录与异常信息的优化

并发环境下的异常处理

• 多线程中的异常传播问题
• CompletableFuture 与异常链
• 线程池任务提交的异常捕获策略

高级挑战与解决方案

• 全局异常处理（Spring 的 @ControllerAdvice）
• 响应式编程中的异常处理（如 Reactor 的 onError）
• 分布式系统中的异常传递（如微服务间的错误码转换）

实战案例与代码示例

• 典型异常处理反例与重构
• 使用 Optional 替代部分异常场景
• 单元测试中的异常断言技巧

总结与扩展思考

• 异常处理的工程化权衡
• 未来趋势：异常处理与 AI 辅助调试
• 推荐工具与框架（如 Resilience4j）
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