1、查看mariadb状态

systemctl status mariadb.service

2、查看具体报错信息

journalctl -xe

8月 27 16:50:16 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit mariadb.service entered failed state.
8月 27 16:50:16 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mariadb.service failed.
8月 27 16:50:16 localhost.localdomain polkitd[792]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-process:4740:79790020 (system bus name :1.1253, object path /org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, lo
8月 27 16:50:16 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[1840]: 2025-08-27 16:50:16.023 [INFO] database P0000000082 T0000000000000000227  checkpoint requested by INI_INTERVAL, rlog free space[2147475456], used
8月 27 16:50:16 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[1840]: 2025-08-27 16:50:16.023 [INFO] database P0000000082 T0000000000000000227  checkpoint generate by ckpt_interval
8月 27 16:50:16 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[1840]: 2025-08-27 16:50:16.023 [INFO] database P0000000082 T0000000000000000189  checkpoint begin, used_space[0], free_space[2147475456]...
8月 27 16:50:16 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[1840]: 2025-08-27 16:50:16.027 [INFO] database P0000000082 T0000000000000000189  ckpt2_log_adjust: full_status: 160, ptx_reserved: 0
8月 27 16:50:16 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[1840]: 2025-08-27 16:50:16.027 [INFO] database P0000000082 T0000000000000000189  ckpt2_log_adjust: ckpt_lsn(4034097), ckpt_fil(1), ckpt_off(69431296), c
8月 27 16:50:29 localhost.localdomain polkitd[792]: Registered Authentication Agent for unix-process:4807:79791363 (system bus name :1.1256 [/usr/bin/pkttyagent --notify-fd 5 --fallback], object path /org/f
8月 27 16:50:29 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MariaDB database server...
-- Subject: Unit mariadb.service has begun start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
--
-- Unit mariadb.service has begun starting up.
8月 27 16:50:29 localhost.localdomain mariadb-prepare-db-dir[4813]: Socket file /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock exists.
8月 27 16:50:29 localhost.localdomain mariadb-prepare-db-dir[4813]: Is another MySQL daemon already running with the same unix socket?
8月 27 16:50:29 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mariadb.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
8月 27 16:50:29 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start MariaDB database server.
-- Subject: Unit mariadb.service has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
--
-- Unit mariadb.service has failed.
--
-- The result is failed.
8月 27 16:50:29 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit mariadb.service entered failed state.
8月 27 16:50:29 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mariadb.service failed.
8月 27 16:50:29 localhost.localdomain polkitd[792]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-process:4807:79791363 (system bus name :1.1256, object path /org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, lo
8月 27 16:50:42 localhost.localdomain polkitd[792]: Registered Authentication Agent for unix-process:4871:79792593 (system bus name :1.1259 [/usr/bin/pkttyagent --notify-fd 5 --fallback], object path /org/f
8月 27 16:50:42 localhost.localdomain polkitd[792]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-process:4871:79792593 (system bus name :1.1259, object path /org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, lo
8月 27 16:50:46 localhost.localdomain polkitd[792]: Registered Authentication Agent for unix-process:4888:79793030 (system bus name :1.1260 [/usr/bin/pkttyagent --notify-fd 5 --fallback], object path /org/f
8月 27 16:50:46 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MariaDB database server...
-- Subject: Unit mariadb.service has begun start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
--
-- Unit mariadb.service has begun starting up.
8月 27 16:50:46 localhost.localdomain mariadb-prepare-db-dir[4894]: Socket file /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock exists.
8月 27 16:50:46 localhost.localdomain mariadb-prepare-db-dir[4894]: Is another MySQL daemon already running with the same unix socket?
8月 27 16:50:46 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mariadb.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
8月 27 16:50:46 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start MariaDB database server.
-- Subject: Unit mariadb.service has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
--
-- Unit mariadb.service has failed.
--
-- The result is failed.
8月 27 16:50:46 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit mariadb.service entered failed state.
8月 27 16:50:46 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mariadb.service failed.
8月 27 16:50:46 localhost.localdomain polkitd[792]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-process:4888:79793030 (system bus name :1.1260, object path /org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, lo
8月 27 16:53:16 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[1840]: 2025-08-27 16:53:16.111 [INFO] database P0000000082 T0000000000000000227  checkpoint requested by INI_INTERVAL, rlog free space[2147475456], used
8月 27 16:53:16 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[1840]: 2025-08-27 16:53:16.111 [INFO] database P0000000082 T0000000000000000227  checkpoint generate by ckpt_interval
8月 27 16:53:16 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[1840]: 2025-08-27 16:53:16.111 [INFO] database P0000000082 T0000000000000000189  checkpoint begin, used_space[0], free_space[2147475456]...
8月 27 16:53:16 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[1840]: 2025-08-27 16:53:16.123 [INFO] database P0000000082 T0000000000000000189  ckpt2_log_adjust: full_status: 160, ptx_reserved: 0
8月 27 16:53:16 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[1840]: 2025-08-27 16:53:16.123 [INFO] database P0000000082 T0000000000000000189  ckpt2_log_adjust: ckpt_lsn(4034097), ckpt_fil(1), ckpt_off(69431296), c
[root@localhost .ssh]#

3、根据日志提示

套接字文件存在，且有相关程序正在运行

删除相关的套接字文件

rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
rm -rf /var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

检查相关进程

 ps aux | grep -E '(mariadb|mysql)'

杀掉相关进程

kill -9 24266 30203

重新启动mariadb

 systemctl start mariadb

并检查进程状态