Laravel Sail 是一个轻量级的命令行界面，用于与 Laravel 的默认 Docker 开发环境进行交互。Sail 提供了一个很好的起点，可以使用 PHP、MySQL 和 Redis 构建 Laravel 应用，而无需事先了解 Docker

系统版本

Ubuntu 24.04

开发环境

Docker 28.3.3
Docker Compose 2.39.1
Laravel 12

实现步骤

1. 发布sail配置

   php artisan sail:install
   

2. 修改docker-compose.yml

   # ./docker-compose.yml
   mysql-write:
       image: 'mysql:8.0.43-debian'
       ports:
           - '${FORWARD_DB_PORT:-3306}:3306'
       environment:
           MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: '${DB_PASSWORD}'
           MYSQL_ROOT_HOST: '%'
           MYSQL_DATABASE: '${DB_DATABASE}'
           MYSQL_USER: '${DB_USERNAME}'
           MYSQL_PASSWORD: '${DB_PASSWORD}'
           MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 1
           MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTIONS: '${MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTIONS}'
       volumes:
           - 'sail-mysql-write:/var/lib/mysql'
           - './docker/mysql/create-testing-database.sh:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/10-create-testing-database.sh'
       networks:
           - sail
       healthcheck:
           test:
               - CMD
               - mysqladmin
               - ping
               - '-p${DB_PASSWORD}'
           retries: 3
           timeout: 5s
   mysql-read:
       image: 'mysql:8.0.43-debian'
       ports:
           - '${FORWARD_DB_PORT:-3307}:3306'
       environment:
           MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: '${DB_PASSWORD}'
           MYSQL_ROOT_HOST: '%'
           MYSQL_DATABASE: '${DB_DATABASE}'
           MYSQL_USER: '${DB_USERNAME}'
           MYSQL_PASSWORD: '${DB_PASSWORD}'
           MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 1
           MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTIONS: '${MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTIONS}'
       volumes:
           - 'sail-mysql-read:/var/lib/mysql'
           - './docker/mysql/create-testing-database.sh:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/10-create-testing-database.sh'
       networks:
           - sail
       healthcheck:
           test:
               - CMD
               - mysqladmin
               - ping
               - '-p${DB_PASSWORD}'
           retries: 3
           timeout: 5s
   

3. 启动容器

   sail php artisan up -d
   

4. 进入主数据库容器

   sail exec mysql-write bash
   

5. 编辑配置文件

   apt-get update
   apt-get install -y vim
   

   vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
   

   [mysqld] 
   pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 
   socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock 
   datadir         = /var/lib/mysql 
   secure-file-priv= NULL 
   server-id=1 
   log-bin=mysql-bin 
    
   # Custom config should go here 
   # !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
   

6. 保存更改后重启服务

   sail restart mysql-write
   

7. 再次进入主数据库容器，添加用户并赋予权限

   sail exec mysql-write bash
   

   # 登录mysql
   # 默认密码: password
   mysql -uroot -p
   

   # 创建用户
   CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
   # 设置密码
   ALTER USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
   # 赋予复制权限
   GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%';
   # 刷新权限
   FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
   

8. 查看master status，记录File和Position的值

   show master status;
   

9. 进入从数据库

   sail exec mysql-read bash
   

10. 修改配置（同样需要安装vim）

    vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
    

    [mysqld] 
    pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 
    socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock 
    datadir         = /var/lib/mysql 
    secure-file-priv= NULL 
    # 注意server-id要保持唯一
    server-id=2 
    log-bin=mysql-bin
    
    # Custom config should go here 
    # !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
    

11. 重启从数据库

    sail restart mysql-read
    

12. 登录mysql执行SQL

    # 默认密码: password
    mysql -uroot -p
    

    # 主机ip
    CHANGE MASTER TO master_host = '192.168.xx.xx',
    master_user = 'slave',
    master_password = '123456',
    master_port = 3306,
    master_log_file = '前面记录的File值',
    master_log_pos = 前面记录的Position值,
    master_connect_retry = 30;
    

13. 启动slave

    start slave;
    

14. 查看同步状态，Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running都为Yes代表配置成功

    show slave status \G;
    

    

踩过的坑：

登录mysql的时候可能会遇到my.cnf被忽略的情况，执行以下命令修改权限即可：

chmod 644 /etc/mysql/my.cnf

参考文档

https://learnku.com/articles/30439
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_49619863/article/details/128047193