[root@db1 ~]# rpm -ivh lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
rpmdb: Thread/process 68978/140361714259872 failed: Thread died in Berkeley DB library
error: db3 error(-30974) from dbenv->failchk: DB_RUNRECOVERY: Fatal error, run database recovery
error: cannot open Packages index using db3 -  (-30974)
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
warning: lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY
rpmdb: Thread/process 68978/140361714259872 failed: Thread died in Berkeley DB library
error: db3 error(-30974) from dbenv->failchk: DB_RUNRECOVERY: Fatal error, run database recovery
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
[root@db1 ~]#  rpm --rebuilddb
rpmdb: Thread/process 68978/140361714259872 failed: Thread died in Berkeley DB library
error: db3 error(-30974) from dbenv->failchk: DB_RUNRECOVERY: Fatal error, run database recovery
error: cannot open Packages index using db3 -  (-30974)
[root@db1 ~]#  yum -y install lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
rpmdb: Thread/process 68978/140361714259872 failed: Thread died in Berkeley DB library
error: db3 error(-30974) from dbenv->failchk: DB_RUNRECOVERY: Fatal error, run database recovery
error: cannot open Packages index using db3 -  (-30974)
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
CRITICAL:yum.main:

Error: rpmdb open failed

处理办法：
[root@db1 ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/rpm/__db.00*
[root@db1 ~]# rpm --rebuilddb
[root@db1 ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: ulninfo, versionlock
Cleaning repos: 
Cleaning up Everything
[root@db1 rpm]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: ulninfo, versionlock
Metadata Cache Created
[root@db1 ~]#  rpm -ivh lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:lrzsz                  ########################################### [100%]
[root@db1 ~]#