np.nan

None

pd.isnull 和 pd.isna

代码示例

• 只可以用np.isnan判断array中是否包含np.nan

a = np.array([1,2,3,4,np.nan])
a == np.nan
>>> array([False, False, False, False, False])
np.nan in a
>>> False
np.isnan(a)
>>> array([False, False, False, False,  True])

• np.nan可参与计算，np.nan占主导地位

a = np.array([1,2,3,4,np.nan])
a.max()
>>> np.nan
a.min()
>>> np.nan
b = np.array([1,np.nan,3,4,5])
a+b
>>> array([ 2., nan,  6.,  8., nan])

• np.isnan只可以对数值型array判断，当array中其余的元素为字符串是，array会将np.nan转换成’nan’
  
• 在pandas中，np.nan和None都被视为缺省值

df = pd.DataFrame({'col1':['a','b','c','d'], 'col2':[1,2,3,4]})
df.loc[1,'col1'] = np.nan
df.loc[2,'col1'] = None
df
>>> col1	col2
0	a	1
1	NaN	2
2	None	3
3	d	4

pd.isna(df)
>>>	col1	col2
0	False	False
1	True	False
2	True	False
3	False	False

• pandas中缺省值不参与计算

df = pd.DataFrame(np.arange(8).reshape(2,4))
df.iloc[0,1] = None
df.iloc[0,2] = np.nan
df
>>> 0	1	2	3
0	0	NaN	NaN	3
1	4	5.0	6.0	7

df.min(axis=1)
>>> 0    0.0
1    4.0
dtype: float64